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Blockchain in energy systems: values, opportunities, and limitations

《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 9-18 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0818-8

摘要: The structure of a power energy system is becoming more distributed than before. It becomes challenging to manage such a system in a centralized way, because a central authority may not exist or may not be trusted by all parties. Blockchain is a promising tool to address this challenge, by enabling trusted collaboration in the absence of a trusted central authority. Its use in the energy sector has been pioneered by several pilot projects. However, to date the energy sector has not seen large-scale deployment of blockchain, partly because the founders of those pilot projects, the public, and utilities have not reached consensus on the values and limitations of blockchain in energy. This perspective aims to bridge this gap. First, the philosophy and unique values of blockchain are discussed. Second, some promising blockchain-based applications in energy systems are presented. Third, some common misunderstandings of blockchain in energy are discussed. Last, some frequently-asked questions from utilities are discussed. Hopefully this perspective can help advance large-scale deployment of blockchain in energy systems.

关键词: blockchain     immutability     energy trading     energy management     data synchronization    

Exploration and Practice in Systems Engineering Management of Large Coal-based Integrated Energy Projects

Wen Ling

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 173-177 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015029

摘要: With an analysis of current development of China’s coal industry, this paper, in the perspectives of concept innovation, technological innovation and management innovation, introduces the exploration and engineering practice by Shenhua Group in coordination with coal and the environment, co-development of coal and the associated resources as well as clean and efficient utilization of coal. Based on systems engineering of Shenhua’s coal-based integrated energy projects, the paper also presents practice and experience in technological and management innovation.

关键词: coal-based     integrated energy     systems engineering     exploration     practice    

Multiscale process systems engineering—analysis and design of chemical and energy systems from molecular

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 137-140 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2135-x

Special issue: Transition management of energy systems towards carbon neutrality

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 355-357 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0219-z

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Water---- and nutrient and energy---- systems in urbanizing watersheds

Rodrigo VILLARROEL WALKER, Michael Bruce BECK, Jim W. HALL

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 596-611 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0445-4

摘要: Driven by considerations of sustainability, it has become increasingly difficult over the past 15–20 years — at least intellectually — to separate out the water infrastructure and water metabolism of cities from their intimately inter-related nutrient and energy metabolisms. Much of the focus of this difficulty settles on the wastewater component of the city’s water infrastructure and its associated fluxes of nutrients (N, P, C, and so on). Indeed, notwithstanding the massive volumes of these materials flowing into and out of the city, the notion of an urban nutrient infrastructure is conspicuous by its absence. Likewise, we do not tend to discuss, or conduct research into, “soilshed” agencies, or soilshed management, or Integrated Nutrient Resources Management (as opposed to its most familiar companion, Integrated Water Resources Management, or IWRM). The paper summarizes some of the benefits (and challenges) deriving from adopting this broader, multi-sectoral “systems” perspective on addressing water-nutrient-energy systems in city-watershed settings. Such a perspective resonates with the growing interest in broader policy circles in what is called the “water-food-energy security nexus”. The benefits and challenges of our Multi-sectoral Systems Analysis (MSA) are illustrated through computational results from two primary case studies: Atlanta, Georgia, USA; and London, UK. Since our work is part of the International Network on Cities as Forces for Good in the Environment (CFG; see www.cfgnet.org), in which other case studies are currently being initiated — for example, on Kathmandu, Nepal — we close by reflecting upon these issues of water-nutrient-energy systems in three urban settings with quite different styles and speeds of development.

关键词: cities     climate change     energy sector     nutrient sector     systems analysis     resource recovery     water-food-energy security    

Design and control optimization of energy systems of smart buildings today and in the near future

Shengwei WANG, Wenjie GANG

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 58-66 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017005

摘要: Buildings contribute to a major part of energy consumption in urban areas, especially in areas like Hong Kong which is full of high-rise buildings. Smart buildings with high efficiency can reduce the energy consumption largely and help achieve green cities or smart cities. Design and control optimization of building energy systems therefore plays a significant role to obtain the optimal performance. This paper introduces a general methodology for the design and control optimization of building energy systems in the life cycle. When the design scheme of building energy systems is optimized, primary steps and related issues are introduced. To improve the operation performance, the optimal control strategies that can be used by different systems are presented and key issues are discussed. To demonstrate the effect of the methods, the energy system of a high-rise building is introduced. The design on the chilled water pump system and cooling towers is improved. The control strategies for chillers, pumps and fresh air systems are optimized. The energy saving and cost from the design and control optimization methods are analyzed. The presented methodology will provide users and stakeholders an effective approach to improve the energy efficiency of building energy systems and promote the development of smart buildings and smart cities.

关键词: Design optimization     Optimal control     Smart building     Energy efficiency    

Hybrid energy harvesting systems for self-powered sustainable water purification by harnessing ambientenergy

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1718-9

摘要:

● Energy harvesters harness multiple energies for self-powered water purification.

关键词: Piezocatalysis     Solar energy     Waste heat     Decentralized water treatment     Point-of-use     Nanogenerator    

Energy systems engineering: methodologies and applications

Pei LIU, Efstratios N. PISTIKOPOULOS, Zheng LI

《能源前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 131-142 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0035-8

摘要: Energy systems are the major contributor to ever-increasing primary energy consumption and consequent greenhouse gas emissions. To tackle these critical problems, planning and design of energy systems needs to be improved towards a more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally benign direction. However, although there are many technical choices available, they are often developed separately by their own technical communities and driven by their specific interest, thus methods and experience obtained in planning and design of a certain type of energy systems are usually not applicable to other types of energy systems. Energy systems engineering provides a generic methodological framework to facilitate the planning and design of energy systems and to produce integrated solutions to real-life complex energy problems via a systematic approach.In this paper, we present an overview of key methodologies of energy systems engineering, covering superstructure based modelling, mixed-integer programming, multi-objective optimization, optimization under uncertainty, and life-cycle assessment. Applications of these methodologies in polygeneration energy systems design, hydrogen infrastructure planning, and design of energy systems in commercial buildings are provided to demonstrate the capability of these methodologies.

关键词: energy systems engineering     superstructure     mixed-integer programming     multi-objective optimization     optimization under uncertainty     life-cycle assessment    

Integrated energy systems based on cascade utilization of energy

JIN Hongguang, GAO Lin, HAN Wei, LI Bingyu, FENG Zhibing

《能源前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 16-31 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0003-0

摘要: Focusing on the traditional principle of physical energy utilization, new integration concepts for combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system were identified, and corresponding systems were investigated. Furthermore, the principle of cascade utilization of both chemical and physical energy in energy systems with the integration of chemical processes and thermal cycles was introduced, along with a general equation describing the interrelationship among energy levels of substance, Gibbs free energy of chemical reaction and physical energy. On the basis of this principle, a polygeneration system for power and liquid fuel (methanol) production has been presented and investigated. This system innovatively integrates a fresh gas preparation subsystem without composition adjustment process (NA) and a methanol synthesis subsystem with partial-recycle scheme (PR). Meanwhile, a multi-functional energy system (MES) that consumes coal and natural gas as fuels simultaneously, and co-generates methanol and power, has been presented. In the MES, coal and natural gas are utilized synthetically based on the method of dual-fuel reforming, which integrates methane/steam reforming and coal combustion. Compared with conventional energy systems that do not consider cascade utilization of chemical energy, both of these systems provide superior performance, whose energy saving ratio can be as high as 10% 15%. With special attention paid to chemical energy utilization, the integration features of these two systems have been revealed, and the important role that the principle of cascade utilization of both chemical and physical energy plays in system integration has been identified.

Transition towards carbon-neutral electrical systems for China: Challenges and perspectives

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 504-508 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0220-6

关键词: carbon neutrality     power systems     electrification     renewable energy    

Contributions in renewable energy systems: A perspective from the latest publications of FCSE

Xiaowen Zhu, Di Xu, Jing-Kang Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 632-635 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1904-2

An operating state estimation model for integrated energy systems based on distributed solution

Dengji ZHOU, Shixi MA, Dawen HUANG, Huisheng ZHANG, Shilie WENG

《能源前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 801-816 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0687-y

摘要: In view of the disadvantages of the traditional energy supply systems, such as separate planning, separate design, independent operating mode, and the increasingly prominent nonlinear coupling between various sub-systems, the production, transmission, storage and consumption of multiple energy sources are coordinated and optimized by the integrated energy system, which improves energy and infrastructure utilization, promotes renewable energy consumption, and ensures reliability of energy supply. In this paper, the mathematical model of the electricity-gas interconnected integrated energy system and its state estimation method are studied. First, considering the nonlinearity between measurement equations and state variables, a performance simulation model is proposed. Then, the state consistency equations and constraints of the coupling nodes for multiple energy sub-systems are established, and constraints are relaxed into the objective function to decouple the integrated energy system. Finally, a distributed state estimation framework is formed by combining the synchronous alternating direction multiplier method to achieve an efficient estimation of the state of the integrated energy system. A simulation model of an electricity-gas interconnected integrated energy system verifies the efficiency and accuracy of the state estimation method proposed in this paper. The results show that the average relative errors of voltage amplitude and node pressure estimated by the proposed distributed state estimation method are only 0.0132% and 0.0864%, much lower than the estimation error by using the Lagrangian relaxation method. Besides, compared with the centralized estimation method, the proposed distributed method saves 5.42 s of computation time. The proposed method is more accurate and efficient in energy allocation and utilization.

关键词: integrated energy system     state estimation     electricity-gas coupling energy system     nonlinear coupling     distributed solution    

State-of-art review of the optimization methods to design the configuration of hybrid renewable energysystems (HRESs)

Maurizio FACCIO, Mauro GAMBERI, Marco BORTOLINI, Mojtaba NEDAEI

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 591-622 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0567-x

摘要: The current research aims to present an inclusive review of latest research works performed with the aim of improving the efficiency of the hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) by employing diverse ranges of the optimization techniques, which aid the designers to achieve the minimum expected total cost, while satisfying the power demand and the reliability. For this purpose, a detailed analysis of the different classification drivers considering the design factors such as the optimization goals, utilized optimization methods, grid type as well as the investigated technology has been conducted. Initial results have indicated that of all optimization goals, load demand parameters including loss of power supply probability (LPSP) and loss of load probability (LLP), cost, sizing (configuration), energy production, and environmental emissions are the most frequent design variables which have been cited the most. Another result of this paper indicates that almost 70% of the research projects have been dedicated toward the optimization of the off-grid applications of the HRESs. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that, integration of the PV, wind and battery is the most frequent configuration. In the next stage of the paper, a review concerning the sizing methods has also been carried out to outline the most common techniques which are used to configure the components of the HRESs. In this regard, an analysis covering the optimized indicators such as the cost drivers, energy index parameters, load indicators, battery’s state of charge, PV generator area, design parameters such as the LPSP, and the wind power generation to load ratio, has also been performed.

关键词: hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs)     design and optimization     environmental pollutions     PV array     wind turbines (WTs)     inverter     diesel generator (DG)    

Energy supply for water electrolysis systems using wind and solar energy to produce hydrogen: a case

Mostafa REZAEI, Ali MOSTAFAEIPOUR, Mojtaba QOLIPOUR, Mozhgan MOMENI

《能源前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 539-550 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0635-x

摘要: Due to acute problems caused by fossil fuels that threaten the environment, conducting research on other types of energy carriers that are clean and renewable is of great importance. Since in the past few years hydrogen has been introduced as the future fuel, the aim of this study is to evaluate wind and solar energy potentials in prone areas of Iran by the Weibull distribution function (WDF) and the Angstrom-Prescott (AP) equation for hydrogen production. To this end, the meteorological data of solar radiation and wind speed recorded at 10 m height in the time interval of 3 h in a five-year period have been used. The findings indicate that Manjil and Zahedan with yearly wind and solar energy densities of 6004 (kWh/m ) and 2247 (kWh/m ), respectively, have the greatest amount of energy among the other cities. After examining three different types of commercial wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) systems, it becomes clear that by utilizing one set of Gamesa G47 turbine, 91 kg/d of hydrogen, which provides energy for 91 car/week, can be produced in Manjil and will save about 1347 L of gasoline in the week. Besides, by installing one thousand sets of X21-345 PV systems in Zahedan, 20 kg/d of hydrogen, enough for 20 cars per week, can be generated and 296 L of gasoline can be saved. Finally, the RETScreen software is used to calculate the annual CO emission reduction after replacing gasoline with the produced hydrogen.

关键词: wind energy     solar energy     water electrolysis     hydrogen production     Weibull distribution function (WDF)     Angstrom-Prescott (AP) equation    

Application of metal oxides-based nanofluids in PV/T systems: a review

《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 397-428 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0758-8

摘要: Having the wide application of metal oxides in energy technologies, in recent years, many researchers tried to increase the performance of the PV/T system by using metal oxide-based nanofluids (NFs) as coolants or optical filters or both at the same time. This paper summarizes recent research activities on various metal oxides (Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, Fe3O4, CuO, ZnO, MgO)-based NFs performance in the PV/T system regarding different significant parameters, e.g., thermal conductivity, volume fraction, mass flowrate, electrical, thermal and overall efficiency, etc. By conducting a comparative study among the metal oxide-based NFs, Al2O3/SiO2-water NFs are mostly used to achieve maximum performance. The Al2O3-water NF has a prominent heat transfer feature with a maximum electrical efficiency of 17%, and a maximum temperature reduction of PV module of up to 36.9°C can be achieved by using the Al2O3-water NF as a coolant. Additionally, studies suggest that the PV cell’s efficiency of up to 30% can be enhanced by using a solar tracking system. Besides, TiO2-water NFs have been proved to have the highest thermal efficiency of 86% in the PV/T system, but TiO2 nanoparticles could be hazardous for human health. As a spectral filter, SiO2-water NF at a size of 5 nm and a volume fraction of 2% seems to be very favorable for PV/T systems. Studies show that the combined use of NFs as coolants and spectral filters in the PV/T system could provide a higher overall efficiency at a cheaper rate. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of using NFs in PV/T systems are also discussed.

关键词: metal oxide     nanofluids (NFs)     nanoparticles (NPs)     optical filter     PV/T systems     solar energy    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Blockchain in energy systems: values, opportunities, and limitations

期刊论文

Exploration and Practice in Systems Engineering Management of Large Coal-based Integrated Energy Projects

Wen Ling

期刊论文

Multiscale process systems engineering—analysis and design of chemical and energy systems from molecular

期刊论文

Special issue: Transition management of energy systems towards carbon neutrality

期刊论文

Water---- and nutrient and energy---- systems in urbanizing watersheds

Rodrigo VILLARROEL WALKER, Michael Bruce BECK, Jim W. HALL

期刊论文

Design and control optimization of energy systems of smart buildings today and in the near future

Shengwei WANG, Wenjie GANG

期刊论文

Hybrid energy harvesting systems for self-powered sustainable water purification by harnessing ambientenergy

期刊论文

Energy systems engineering: methodologies and applications

Pei LIU, Efstratios N. PISTIKOPOULOS, Zheng LI

期刊论文

Integrated energy systems based on cascade utilization of energy

JIN Hongguang, GAO Lin, HAN Wei, LI Bingyu, FENG Zhibing

期刊论文

Transition towards carbon-neutral electrical systems for China: Challenges and perspectives

期刊论文

Contributions in renewable energy systems: A perspective from the latest publications of FCSE

Xiaowen Zhu, Di Xu, Jing-Kang Wang

期刊论文

An operating state estimation model for integrated energy systems based on distributed solution

Dengji ZHOU, Shixi MA, Dawen HUANG, Huisheng ZHANG, Shilie WENG

期刊论文

State-of-art review of the optimization methods to design the configuration of hybrid renewable energysystems (HRESs)

Maurizio FACCIO, Mauro GAMBERI, Marco BORTOLINI, Mojtaba NEDAEI

期刊论文

Energy supply for water electrolysis systems using wind and solar energy to produce hydrogen: a case

Mostafa REZAEI, Ali MOSTAFAEIPOUR, Mojtaba QOLIPOUR, Mozhgan MOMENI

期刊论文

Application of metal oxides-based nanofluids in PV/T systems: a review

期刊论文